Some children fall apart at the sound of a hand dryer. Others can't sit still, crash into the couch on purpose, or refuse to wear anything with a tag. If that sounds familiar, you've run into sensory processing — how the brain takes in and responds to information from the world. When it works smoothly, we barely notice it. When it doesn't, everyday life can feel overwhelming for a child.
What is sensory processing?
Sensory processing is how the nervous system registers and organizes input — sound, touch, movement, sight, taste, and smell — and turns it into an appropriate response. Most of us filter out the hum of the refrigerator or the feel of our socks. A child with sensory differences may not be able to filter it, so ordinary input lands as too much (or too little), and their reaction can look like an overreaction.
Sensory seeking vs. sensory avoiding
Sensory differences tend to show up in two broad patterns, and a child can be a mix of both. Avoiders are overwhelmed by input — they cover their ears, dislike textures, and pull away from messy play. Seekers crave it — they're always moving, touching, crashing, and chewing. Recognizing which pattern you're seeing is the first step toward helping.
Signs of sensory processing challenges
- Strong reactions to sounds, lights, textures, or smells that don't bother other kids.
- Refusing certain clothing, foods, or messy activities because of how they feel.
- Constant movement — running, spinning, crashing, or chewing on things.
- Trouble with balance, coordination, or knowing where their body is in space.
- Big meltdowns during transitions or in busy, loud environments.
- Difficulty calming down once upset.
“Sensory processing disorder” isn't a formal standalone diagnosis in every clinical manual, and these signs can overlap with other things. An occupational therapy evaluation sorts out what's going on and what helps.
If sensory challenges are disrupting your child's day, an OT evaluation can help you understand why.
How occupational therapy helps
Occupational therapists are the professionals who specialize in sensory processing. Therapy uses purposeful, playful activities — movement, deep pressure, textures, and structured routines — to help a child's nervous system respond more comfortably, plus practical strategies and a “sensory diet” you can use at home and school. The aim is a child who can handle daily environments without being hijacked by them.
When to reach out
If sensory reactions are getting in the way of school, friendships, meals, sleep, or family life, an evaluation is worth it. OT requires a referral from your child's primary care provider (faxed to 901-589-9001); submit our new-client form and we'll reach out to schedule.